<text id=94CT1118><title>Papua New Guinea—Economy</title>
<article><source>CIA Factbook</source>
<hdr>The World Factbook 1994: Papua New Guinea<nl>Economy</hdr><body>
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<item><hi format=bold>Overview:</hi> Papua New Guinea is richly endowed with natural resources, but exploitation has been hampered by the rugged terrain and the high cost of developing an infrastructure. Agriculture provides a subsistence livelihood for 85% of the population. Mining of numerous deposits, including copper and gold, accounts for about 60% of export earnings. Budgetary support from Australia and development aid under World Bank auspices have helped sustain the economy. Robust growth in 1991-92 was led by the mining sector; the opening of a large new gold mine helped the advance. The economy remained strong in 1993, primarily because of continued growth in the mining and oil sectors.
<item><hi format=bold>National product:</hi> GDP—purchasing power equivalent—$8.2 billion (1993 est.)
<item><hi format=bold>National product real growth rate:</hi> 1.2% (1993 est.)
<item><hi format=bold>National product per capita:</hi> $2,000 (1993 est.)
<item>• <hi format=ital>consumption per capita:</hi> 400 kWh (1992)
</list>
<item><hi format=bold>Industries:</hi> copra crushing, palm oil processing, plywood production, wood chip production, mining of gold, silver, and copper, construction, tourism
<item><hi format=bold>Agriculture:</hi> Accounts for 28% of GDP; livelihood for 85% of population; fertile soils and favorable climate permits cultivating a wide variety of crops; cash crops—coffee, cocoa, coconuts, palm kernels; other products—tea, rubber, sweet potatoes, fruit, vegetables, poultry, pork; net importer of food for urban centers
<item><hi format=bold>Economic aid:</hi>
<list style=hang>
<item>• <hi format=ital>recipient:</hi> US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $40.6 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $6.5 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $17 million
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<item><hi format=bold>Currency:</hi> 1 kina (K)=100 toea
<item><hi format=bold>Exchange rates:</hi> kina (K) per US$1—1.0281 (January 1994), 1.0221 (1993), 1.0367 (1992), 1.0504 (1991), 1.0467 (1990), 1.1685 (1989)
<item><hi format=bold>Fiscal year:</hi> calendar year